A convenience function for testing the properties of a typeclass. For example, in GHCi:

>>> genOrdering :: Gen Ordering; genOrdering = frequency [(1,pure EQ),(1,pure LT),(1,pure GT)]
>>> lawsCheck (monoidLaws genOrdering)
Monoid: Left Identity    ✓ <interactive> passed 100 tests.
Monoid: Right Identity    ✓ <interactive> passed 100 tests.
Monoid: Associativity    ✓ <interactive> passed 100 tests.
Monoid: Concatenation    ✓ <interactive> passed 100 tests.
True

A convenience function for testing many typeclass instances of a single type.

>>> lawsCheckOne (word8 constantBounded) [jsonLaws, showReadLaws]
ToJSON/FromJSON: Partial Isomorphism    ✓ <interactive> passed 100 tests.
ToJSON/FromJSON: Encoding equals value    ✓ <interactive> passed 100 tests.
Show/Read: Partial Isomorphism: show/read    ✓ <interactive> passed 100 tests.
Show/Read: Partial Isomorphism: show/read with initial space    ✓ <interactive> passed 100 tests.
Show/Read: Partial Isomorphism: showsPrec/readsPrec    ✓ <interactive> passed 100 tests.
Show/Read: Partial Isomorphism: showList/readList    ✓ <interactive> passed 100 tests.
Show/Read: Partial Isomorphism: showListWith shows/readListDefault    ✓ <interactive> passed 100 tests.
True

A convenience function for checking many typeclass instances of multiple types.

import Control.Applicative (liftA2)

import Data.Map (Map)
import Data.Set (Set)

import qualified Data.List as List
import qualified Data.Set as Set
import qualified Data.Map as Map

import qualified Hedgehog.Gen as Gen
import qualified Hedgehog.Range as Range

import Hedgehog (Gen)
import Hedgehog.Classes

-- Generate a small Set Int
genSet :: Gen (Set Int)
genSet = Set.fromList <$> (Gen.list (Range.linear 2 10) (Gen.int Range.constantBounded))

-- Generate a small Map String Int
genMap :: Gen (Map String Int)
genMap = Map.fromList <$> (liftA2 List.zip genStrings genInts)
  where
    rng = Range.linear 2 6
    genStrings = Gen.list rng (Gen.string rng Gen.lower)
    genInts = Gen.list rng (Gen.int Range.constantBounded)

commonLaws :: (Eq a, Monoid a, Show a) => Gen a -> [Laws]
commonLaws p = [eqLaws p, monoidLaws p]

tests :: [(String, [Laws])]
tests =
  [ ("Set Int", commonLaws genSet)
  , ("Map String Int", commonLaws genMap)
  ]

Now, in GHCi:

>>> lawsCheckMany tests

Testing properties for common typeclasses...

-------------
-- Set Int --
-------------

Eq: Transitive   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.
Eq: Symmetric   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.
Eq: Reflexive   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.
Eq: Negation   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.
Monoid: Left Identity   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.
Monoid: Right Identity   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.
Monoid: Associativity   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.
Monoid: Concatenation   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.

--------------------
-- Map String Int --
--------------------

Eq: Transitive   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.
Eq: Symmetric   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.
Eq: Reflexive   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.
Eq: Negation   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.
Monoid: Left Identity   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.
Monoid: Right Identity   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.
Monoid: Associativity   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.
Monoid: Concatenation   ✓ interactive passed 100 tests.

All tests succeeded
True

Tests the following Binary laws:

Encoding Partial Isomorphism

decode . encode ≡ id

Tests the following Bits laws:

Conjunction Idempotence

n .&. n ≡ n

Disjunction Idempotence

n .|. n ≡ n

Double Complement

complement . complement ≡ id

Set Bit

setBit n i ≡ n .|. bit i

Clear Bit

clearBit n i ≡ n .&. complement (bit i)

Complement Bit

complement n i ≡ xor n (bit i)

Clear Zero

clearBit zeroBits i ≡ zeroBits

Set Zero

setBit zeroBits i ≡ zeroBits

Test Zero

testBit zeroBits i ≡ False

Pop Zero

popCount zeroBits ≡ 0

Count Leading Zeros of Zero

countLeadingZeros zeroBits ≡ finiteBitSize (undefined :: a)

Count Trailing Zeros of Zero

countTrailingZeros zeroBits ≡ finiteBitSize (undefined :: a)

Tests the following Eq laws:

Reflexivity

x == x ≡ True

Symmetry

x == y ≡ y == x

Transitivity

x == y && y == z ≡ x == z

Negation

x /= y ≡ not (x == y)

Tests the following Integral laws:

Quotient Remainder

quot x y * y + (rem x y) ≡ x

Division Modulus

(div x y) * y + (mod x y) ≡ x

Integer Roundtrip

fromInteger . toInteger ≡ id

Tests the following Monoid laws:

Left Identity

mappend mempty ≡ id

Right Identity

flip mappend mempty ≡ id

Associativity

mappend a (mappend b c) ≡ mappend (mappend a b) c

Concatenation

mconcat ≡ foldr mappend mempty

Tests the following Monoid laws:

Commutativity

mappend a b ≡ mappend b a

Tests the following Ord laws:

Antisymmetry

x <= y && y <= x ≡ x == y

Transitivity

x <= y && y <= z ≡ x <= z

Reflexivity

x <= x ≡ True

Totality

x <= y || y <= x ≡ True

Tests the following Enum laws:

Succ-Pred Identity

succ . pred ≡ id

Pred-Succ Identity

pred . succ ≡ id

Tests the same laws as enumLaws, but uses the Bounded constraint to ensure that succ and pred behave as though they are total. This should always be preferred if your type has a Bounded instance.

Tests the following Semigroup laws:

Associativity

a <> (b <> c) ≡ (a <> b) <> c

Concatenation

sconcat ≡ foldr1 (<>)

Times

stimes n a ≡ foldr1 (<>) (replicate n a)

Tests the following Semigroup laws:

Commutativity

a <> b ≡ b <> a

Tests the following Semigroup laws:

Exponentiality

stimes n (a <> b) ≡ stimes n a <> stimes n b

Tests the following Semigroup laws:

Idempotency

a <> a ≡ a

Tests the following Semigroup laws:

Rectangular Bandedness

a <> b <> a ≡ a

Tests the following ToJSON / FromJSON laws:

Encoding Partial Isomorphism

decode . encode ≡ Just

Encoding Equals Value

decode . encode ≡ Just . toJSON

Tests the following Generic laws:

From-To Inverse

from . to ≡ id

To-From Inverse

to . from ≡ id

Tests the following Prim laws:

ByteArray Set-Get

primitive_ (writeByteArray# ba# ix# x) *> primitive (readByteArray# ba# ix#) ≡ pure x

ByteArray Get-Set

primitive (readByteArray# ba# ix#) >>= x -> primitive_ (writeByteArray# ba# ix# x) ≡ pure ()

ByteArray Set-Set

primitive_ (writeByteArray# ba# ix# x) *> primitive_ (writeByteArray# ba# ix# x) ≡ primitive_ (writeByteArray# ba# ix# x)

ByteArray Set Range

The behavior of setByteArray# matches the default implementation

ByteArray List Conversion Roundtrips

Turning a list into a PrimArray and back gives you the same list

Addr Set-Get

primitive_ (writeOffAddr# addr# ix# x) *> primitive (readOffAddr# addr# ix#) ≡ pure x

Addr Get-Set

primitive (readOffAddr# addr# ix#) >>= x -> primitive_ (writeOffAddr# addr# ix# x) ≡ pure ()

Addr Set-Set

primitive_ (writeOffAddr# addr# ix# x) *> primitive_ (writeOffAddr# addr# ix# x) ≡ primitive_ (writeOffAddr# addr# ix# x)

Addr Set Range

The behavior of setOffAddr# matches the default implementation

Addr List Conversion Roundtrips

Mallocing a list and then reconstructing it gives you the same list

Tests the following Semiring laws:

Additive Left Identity

zero + x ≡ x

Additive Right Identity

x + zero ≡ x

Additive Associativity

x + (y + z) ≡ (x + y) + z

Additive Commutativity

x + y ≡ y + x

Multiplicative Left Identity

one * x ≡ x

Multiplicative Right Identity

x * one ≡ x

Multiplicative Associativity

x * (y * z) ≡ (x * y) * z

Multiplicatiion Left-Distributes Over Addtion

x * (y + z) ≡ (x * y) + (x * z)

Multiplication Right-Distibutes Over Addition

(y + z) * x ≡ (y * x) + (z * x)

Multiplicative Left Annihilation

zero * x ≡ zero

Multiplicative Right Annihilation

x * zero ≡ zero

Tests the following Ring laws:

Additive Inverse

negate x + x ≡ zero

Tests the following Star laws:

Asteration

star x ≡ one + x * star x

APlus

aplus x ≡ x * star x

Tests the following Show laws:

ShowsPrec Zero

show a ≡ showsPrec 0 a ""

ShowsPrec Equivariance

showsPrec p a r ++ s ≡ 'showsPrec p a (r ++ s)

ShowsPrec ShowList

showList as r ++ s ≡ showList as (r ++ s)

Tests the following Show / Read laws:

Partial Isomorphism: show/read

readMaybe . show ≡ Just

Partial Isomorphism: show/read with initial space

readMaybe . (" " ++) . show ≡ Just

Partial Isomorphism: showsPrec/readPrec

(a,"") elem readsPrec p (showsPrec p a "") ≡ True

Partial Isomorphism: showList/readList

(as,"") elem readList (showList as "") ≡ True

Partial Isomorphism: showListWith shows/readListDefault

(as,"") elem readListDefault (showListWith shows as "") ≡ True

Tests the following Storable laws:

Set-Get

pokeElemOff ptr ix a >> peekElemOff ptr ix ≡ pure a

Get-Set

peekElemOff ptr ix >>= pokeElemOff ptr ix ≡ pure () (Putting back what you got out has no effect)

List Conversion Roundtrips

Mallocing a list and then reconstructing it gives you the same list

PeekElemOff/Peek

peekElemOff a i ≡ peek (plusPtr a (i * sizeOf undefined))

PokeElemOff/Poke

pokeElemOff a i x ≡ poke (plusPtr a (i * sizeOf undefined)) x

PeekByteOff/Peek

peekByteOff a i ≡ peek (plusPtr a i)

PokeByteOff/Peek

pokeByteOff a i x ≡ poke (plusPtr a i) x

Test that a MVector instance obey several laws.

Tests the following Alternative laws:

Left Identity

empty <|> a ≡ a

Right Identity

a <|> empty ≡ a

Associativity

a <|> (b <|> c) ≡ (a <|> b) <|> c

Tests the following Applicative laws:

Identity

pure id <*> v ≡ v

Composition

pure (.) <*> u <*> v <*> w ≡ u <*> (v <*> w)

Homomorphism

pure f <*> pure x ≡ pure (f x)

Interchange

u <*> pure y ≡ pure ($ y) <*> u

LiftA2 1

liftA2 id f x ≡ f <*> x

LiftA2 2

liftA2 f x y ≡ f <$> x <*> y

Tests the following Comonad laws:

Extend/Extract Identity

extend extract ≡ id

Extract/Extend

extract . extend f ≡ f

Extend/Extend

extend f . extend g ≡ extend (f . extend g)

Extract Right Identity

f =>= extract ≡ f

Extract Left Identity

extract =>= f ≡ f

Cokleisli Associativity

(f =>= g) =>= h ≡ f =>= (g =>= h)

Extract/Duplicate Identity

extract . duplicate ≡ id

Fmap Extract/Duplicate Identity

fmap extract . duplicate ≡ id

Double Duplication

duplicate . duplicate ≡ fmap duplicate . duplicate

Extend/Fmap . Duplicate Identity

extend f ≡ fmap f . duplicate

Duplicate/Extend id Identity

duplicate ≡ extend id

Fmap/Extend Extract

fmap f ≡ extend (f . extract)

Fmap/LiftW Isomorphism

fmap ≡ liftW

Tests the following Contravariant laws:

Identity

contramap id ≡ id

Composition

contramap f . contramap g ≡ contramap (g . f)

Tests the following Foldable laws:

Fold

fold ≡ foldMap id

FoldMap

foldMap f ≡ foldr (mappend . f) mempty

Foldr

foldr f z t ≡ appEndo (foldMap (Endo . f) t) z

Foldr'

foldr' f z0 t ≡ foldl f' id t z0, where f' k x z = k $! f x z

Foldl

foldl f z t ≡ appEndo (getDual (foldMap (Dual . Endo . flip f) t)) z

Foldl'

foldl' f z0 xs ≡ foldr f' id xs z0, where f' x k z = k $! f z x

Foldl1

foldl1 f t ≡ let (x:xs) = toList t in foldl f x xs

Foldr1

foldr1 f t ≡ let (xs,x) = unsnoc (toList t) in foldr f x xs

ToList

toList ≡ foldr (:) []

Null

null ≡ foldr (const (const False)) True

Length

length ≡ getSum . foldMap (const (Sum 1))

This additionally tests that the user's implementations of foldr' and foldl' are strict in their accumulators.

Tests the following Functor laws:

Identity

fmap id ≡ id

Composition

fmap f . fmap g ≡ fmap (f . g)

Const

fmap (const x) ≡ x <$

Tests the following Monad laws:

Left Identity

return a >>= k ≡ k a

Right Identity

m >>= return ≡ m

Associativity

m >>= (\x -> k x >>= h) ≡ (m >>= k) >>= h

Return

return ≡ pure

Ap

ap f x ≡ f <*> x

Tests the following MonadIO laws:

Return

liftIO . return ≡ return

Lift

liftIO (m >>= f) ≡ liftIO m >>= (liftIO . f)

Tests the following MonadPlus laws:

Left Identity

mplus mzero ≡ id

Right Identity

flip mplus mzero ≡ id

Associativity

mplus a (mplus b c) ≡ mplus (mplus a b) c

Left Zero

mzero >>= f ≡ mzero

Right Zero

v >> mzero ≡ mzero

Tests the following MonadZip laws:

Naturality

fmap (f *** g) (mzip ma mb) ≡ mzip (fmap f ma) (fmap g mb)

Tests the following Traversable laws:

Naturality

t . traverse f ≡ traverse (t . f), for every applicative transformation t

Identity

traverse Identity ≡ Identity

Composition

traverse (Compose . fmap g . f) ≡ Compose . fmap (traverse g) . traverse f

SequenceA Naturality

t . sequenceA ≡ sequenceA . fmap t, for every applicative transformation t

SequenceA Identity

sequenceA . fmap Identity ≡ Identity

SequenceA Composition

sequenceA . fmap Compose ≡ Compose . fmap sequenceA . sequenceA

FoldMap

foldMap ≡ foldMapDefault

Fmap

fmap ≡ fmapDefault

Tests the following Arrow laws:

Arr Identity

arr id ≡ id

Arr Composition

arr (f >>> g) ≡ arr f >>> arr g

Arr-First inverse

first (arr f) ≡ arr (first f)

First Composition

first (f >>> g) ≡ first f >>> first g

Arrow Law 5

first f >>> arr fst ≡ arr fst >>> f

Arrow Law 6

first f >>> arr (id *** g) ≡ arr (id *** g) >>> first f

Arrow Law 7

first (first f) >>> arr assoc ≡ arr assoc >>> first f, where assoc ((a,b),c) = (a,(b,c))

Tests the following Bifoldable laws:

Identity

bifold ≡ bifoldMap id id

FoldMap

bifoldMap f g ≡ bifoldr (mappend . f) (mappend . g) mempty

Foldr

bifoldr f g z t ≡ appEndo (bifoldMap (Endo . f) (Endo . g) t) z

Tests the following Bifoldable / Bifunctor laws:

Composition

bifoldMap f g ≡ bifold . bimap f g

FoldMap

bifoldMap f g . bimap h i ≡ bifoldMap (f . h) (g . i)

Tests the following Bifunctor laws:

Identity

bimap id id ≡ id

First Identity

first id ≡ id

Second Identity

second id ≡ id

Composition

bimap id id ≡ first id . second id

Tests the following Bitraversable laws:

Naturality

bitraverse (t . f) (t . g) ≡ t . bitraverse f g, for every applicative transformation t

Identity

bitraverse Identity Identity ≡ Identity

Composition

Compose . fmap (bitraverse g1 g2) . bitraverse f1 f2 ≡ bitraverse (Compose . fmap g1 . f1) (Compose . fmap g2 . f2)

Tests the following Category laws:

Left Identity

id . f ≡ f

Right Identity

f . id ≡ f

Associativity

f . (g . h) ≡ (f . g) . h

Tests the following Category laws:

Commutativity

f . g ≡ g . f

A Laws is the name of the typeclass and the set of named properties associated with that typeclass.

The context surrounding the property test of a law. Use contextualise to turn this into a Context.

You can provide a Context to heqCtx,heqCtx1,heqCtx2,hneqCtx,hneqCtx1,or hneqCtx2. The Context is used to provide useful error messages in the event of a failure.

Turn a LawContext into a Context.

Fails the test if the right argument is less than or equal to the left. see https://github.com/hedgehogqa/haskell-hedgehog/pull/196

Fails the test if the right argument is greater than or equal to the left. see https://github.com/hedgehogqa/haskell-hedgehog/pull/196

Passes the test if the given arguments are equal. Otherwise fails with NoContext.

Passes the test if the given arguments are equal. Otherwise fails with NoContext.

Passes the test if the given arguments are equal. Otherwise fails with NoContext.

Passes the test if the given arguments are equal. Otherwise fails with the given Context.

Passes the test if the given arguments are equal. Otherwise fails with the given Context.

Passes the test if the given arguments are equal. Otherwise fails with the given Context.

Passes the test if the given arguments are not equal. Otherwise fails with NoContext.

Passes the test if the given arguments are not equal. Otherwise fails with NoContext.

Passes the test if the given arguments are not equal. Otherwise fails with NoContext.

Passes the test if the given arguments are not equal. Otherwise fails with the given Context.

Passes the test if the given arguments are not equal. Otherwise fails with the given Context.

Passes the test if the given arguments are not equal. Otherwise fails with the given Context.